2011 National Lyme Conference summary – Ehrlichiosis and HLH – Lyme Disease

Dr. Andrew Walter reported on Ehrlichiosis and Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) in cases of children diagnosed in Delaware. Ehrlichiosis is an uncommon tick borne disease seen in the mid-Atlantic area and therefore clinicians need to maintain a heightened vigilance. Ticks in the MD/Delaware/PA area carry A. phagocytophilum which causes HGA. Amblyoma americanum ticks in the midwest carry E chaffeenis and cause Human Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (HME). The elderly have the highest rate of illness due to Ehrlichiosis although more than 20% of children in endemic regions have evidence for past infection with TBRD. Doxycycline is the drug of choice for treatment of Ehrlichiosis since patients sick with Ehrlichiosis may be co-infected with other TBRD which are effectively treated by doxycycline.

HLH is a rare complication of infectious diseases including Ehrlichiosis. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a disease with major diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Primary HLH is an autosomal recessive illness that is fatal with a median survival among infants of less than 2 months. Secondary HLH may result from a strong immunological reaction from a severe infection; most patients are not immunosuppressed. The most typical findings of HLH are fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, skin rash, jaundice, cytopenias, as well as hypertriglyceridemia, coagulopathy with hypofibrinogenemia, liver dysfunction, and elevated levels of ferritin and serum transaminases. Neurological symptoms may be associated with a spinal fluid hyperproteinemia and a moderate pleocytosis. Patients who are very ill with Ehlichiosis or other infection should be immediately screened for HLH with LFT, CBC, ferritin with other specialized tests to follow as needed.

http://lymediseaseresource.com/2011NationalLymeConferencesummary%20(2).pdf

[PDF]
Andrew Walter: Ehrlichiosis and HLH – Lyme Disease …
lymediseaseresource.com/2011NationalLymeConferencesummary%20(2).pdf
2011 Lyme and Tick Borne-Diseases National Conference. Scientific Chairs: … Finally, emerging knowledge on biofilm dispersants was reviewed. For more …

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DAY +355 – Updates

Update – April 30, 2012

  • Just got the call from dr the results are not back yet but if the t cell comes back and they are not new cells Liam will need a DLI
  • They also said we will remain in isolation until Liam’s graft goes up its to risky not to. If the test comes back t cells are new then we wait until march 14 to test chimerisms again and if they are the same or lower he will need a DLI. DLI’s are risky because they can cause GVHD and very low ANC this may end up being another long journey and that’s ok. I just hope it all ends well for Liam. Please continue the prayers we all need them. Thank you

 

Update – May 1, 2012 6:45pm

  • Now things r really getting confusing dr left a message that Liam is producing 56% new cells of hunter so he might not need a DLI yet
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Faith. Hope, Love – Another family’s HLH Story

Please watch this link. This is a little girl Maddie that went through BMT… This was their second child that became ill with HLH. After having two kids that are fine and no known gene, they did not ever dream after losing their little boy to HLH, that they would have to go though BMT with their little girl, AMAZING video, please watch!

http://www.cbs.com/shows/the_talk/babycontest/show/20633/

In 2008 we lost our son to a rare disease alle Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. We were told since it only affect 1 in 1.2 million and have 2 healthy kids and no gens for this it wont happen again. So we did and it did happen again. She is now 3 and fought through her life saving bone marrow transplant.

 

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DAY +350/15 – Today updates

Update from Kristy: 

11:33 am – Physical therapy appointment went good! Still no word on the most recent blood tests 🙁

7:30 pm – The test came back low so Liam will be getting a blood draw tomorrow. Should know those results on Tuesday 🙁 I’m sure he will need a DLI

10:30 pm – I really struggle with staying positive & reality I try 2 convince myself that everything will b ok but Liam has 1of the deadliest diseases

Donor lymphocyte infusion

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Donor lymphocyte (or leukocyte) infusion (DLI) or buffy coat fusion is a form of adoptive immunotherapy used after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

History

Formerly, the only treatment option that offered relapsed bone marrow transplant patients hope of a cure was another bone marrow transplant. However, the risk of serious, life-threatening complications after a second BMT is great. One strategy of managing relapse, donor leukocyte infusion, might eliminate the need for a second BMT in some patients.

Procedure

Donor leukocyte infusion is the infusion in which lymphocytes from the original stem cell donor are infused, after the transplant, to augment an anti-tumor immune response or ensure that the donor stem cells remain engrafted.[1][2] These donated white blood cells contain cells of the immune system that can recognize and destroy cancer cells.

The goal of this therapy is to induce a remission of the patient’s cancer by a process called the graft-versus-tumor effect (GVT). The donor T-cells can attack and control the growth of residual cancer cells providing the GVT effect. It is hoped that the donor leukocyte infusion will cause GVT and lead to a remission of the patients cancer.

Patients might require standard chemotherapy, to reduce the amount of cancer cells they have prior to their donor lymphocyte infusion.

Complications

Complications of DLI include acute and chronic graft-versus-host disease and bone marrow aplasia, resulting in immunosuppression and susceptibility to opportunistic infections.[3]

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Thank you for all the love and support…

Update from Kristy:

I just want to thank everyone for your love and support it means so much to me 🙂 I can’t express enough how much it helps when going through something like this. Please for me hold your loved ones close tonight and really take in what a gift it is. I love you all and I am so humbled by how much you care about Liam one day I hope he will be able to see and understand all the support he has been given. God bless you all

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DAY +349 – Liam’s 1 year Post Transplant Conference today…

Kristy updated her FB status: 

10 am – I hope today brings only good news. Liam has an eye appointment 11am to check for GVHD. Then 3:00 is our big meeting.

3 pm – We are headed to Liam’s appointment I’m freaking out emotionally hoping all results are good. Please pray for good results

4:54 pm – So the results were not what I was hoping for 🙁 Liam’s graft is dropping T-Cell 60% NK Function 10% B-cell 2% they are running another blood test to look closer at the T-cells if that is low then Liam will need a DLI donor boost which would require more blood from Hunter. We should know more on the new tests tomorrow or next week.

DAY+ 341 – 04/2012        DNA Chimerism Analysis – Blood

(CD3+) T Cell                       60% donor origin (40% host)

(CD33+) Myeloid Cells           unknown% donor origin (unknown% host)

(CD56+) NK Cells               10% donor origin (90% host)

(CD19+) B Cells                        2% donor origin (98% host)

All his other tests look great but without a good graft they mean nothing but a ticking time bomb 🙁

5:37 pm – I feel like I’ve been punched in my stomach. It’s like the life is sucked right out of you.

5:41 pm – I know the results could of been worse but with your child the only thing you ever want to hear is good news. What ifs start to get a hold of you and it’s very hard. Liam is strong and I am very hopeful but the sad reality is that may not be enough 🙁

update from Jared Smith: It’s never going to be over thanks for the support. It’s going to be a life time journey for him.

 

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DAY +348 Testing this morning :(

Kristy updated her FB status:

7:45 am – So maybe I just want to skip this part of his tests I don’t like liam having these things done 🙁 he already has so many scares and has been through unimaginable pain. I wish I could take his place. I will be so glad when this procedure is over.

Before Liam went to his procedure

10:00 am – We are still in the waiting room 🙂 hopefully we will go back soon.

10:30 am – Liam in is now 🙁 holding Liam as they put him out just felt so wrong parents are not supposed to see there child like that 🙁

10:45 am – My sweet baby is done

Immunology appointment. That WAS one of the nicest doctors I’ve ever met.

2:05 pm – Liam’s immunology went good! But they did say he cannot be around any children that have not been immunized until he is fully immunized. Tomorrow we should know the results of his blood chimerism.

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Bone Marrow and Skin Biopsy Tomorrow

Kristy’s updated her FB status: 

11:45 pm – Liam has his bone marrow and skin biopsy tomorrow at 9am pls keep him in your prayers that the procedure goes smoothly & only good results.

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DAY +347 – Clinic Appointment Updates 04/23/12

Kristina updated her FB status:

9:47 am –  Blood draw done! 🙂 Thank you Leslie you did a great job.

10:47 am – Headed to dental to check for GVHD of the mouth. Liam’s asleep stated up until after midnight & up at 6am blood draw he’s wiped out 🙁

12:50 pm – Dental appointment went good 🙂 they didn’t see any GVHD in his mouth.

2 pm – Liver is still elevated so we wait for all the results to come back. They are having me stop the magnesium which is awesome because it was 3 times a day!!

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DAY +346 Today we head to Seattle…

Kristina updated her FB status: 

Today we head to Seattle. I’m so nervous but I’m hoping for only good test results please keep Liam in your prayers. I hope now he can slowly start to be a normal little toddler. Please also keep all parents and children that are walking the hardest journey in life imaginable in your prayers too…Nothing can prepare you for watching your child knocking on deaths door. But the emotional support from others, so helps in those times. Thank you

Update 8:15 PM: 

  • Almost 2 Seattle here will lie the truth on wether or not Liam’s bone marrow transplant will be his cure for HLH, I sure hope so! Prayers pls
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